A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a vertical structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. For the purpose of wind or earthquake engineering, columns may be designed to resist lateral forces. Other compression members are often termed "columns" because of the similar stress conditions. Columns are frequently used to support beams or arches on which the upper parts of walls or ceilings rest. In architecture, "column" refers to such a structural element that also has certain proportional and decorative features. A column might also be a decorative element not needed for structural purposes; many columns are "engaged with", that is to say form part of a wall.
The column is distinguished by the so-called volutes - twin spiral ornaments fashioned on Echin. Volutes look like curls from the side of the facade, along the sides of the columns volutes are interconnected by shafts called balustrades. By their appearance the balusters resemble a scroll. Originally volutes lay in one plane, then they began to be built in four planes. This feature made the Ionic order more resistant to critical views, expressed in the IV century BC. e., than the Doric order. The latter suggested that Ekhin should be equally readable from either side. Ekhin in the Ionic order is located under the pillow and between volutes, as if coming out from under the volutes. Echin and abaca were most often decorated with rich cutting, smaller in abacus and larger, in the form of ionics, in echin; They are called ovs and represent an ornament of egg-shaped elements, usually alternating with leaves and arrows.
Surface Type Polygon
Texture No
Animation No
Verts - 996
Edges - 2016
Faces - 1028
Tris - 1976
UVs - 1140
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