Kidney Anatomy.
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The main function of the kidneys - excretory - is achieved by filtration and secretion. In the renal body from a capillary glomerulus under high pressure, the blood content together with the plasma (except for blood cells and some proteins) is filtered into the capsule of Shumlyansky-Bowman. The resulting fluid - the primary urine continues its way through the convoluted tubules of the nephron, in which there is reverse absorption of nutrients (glucose, etc.), water, electrolytes in the blood, while urea, uric acid, and creatine remain in the primary urine. As a result, secondary urine is formed, which of the convoluted tubules goes to the renal pelvis, then to the ureter and bladder. Normally, 1700–2000 liters of blood passes through the kidneys in a day, 120–150 liters of primary urine and 1.5–2 liters of secondary urine are formed.
Ultrafiltration speed is determined by several factors:
The difference of pressure in the bringing and taking-away arteriole of the renal glomerulus.
The difference in osmotic pressure between the blood in the capillary network of the glomerulus and the lumen of the bowman capsule.
Properties of the basement membrane of the renal glomerulus.
