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FIAT (the acronym for Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino with ital. – “Italian Automobile Factory of Turin”) is an Italian automobile manufacturer (manufactures cars, engines), a financial and manufacturing association. The headquarters is located in Turin.
Concern “Fiat Group” was formed on February 1, 2007 from the company “Fiat Auto S.p.A.”. Since January 1, 2011, the Fiat Group has divided into two subsidiaries into two sectors: Fiat SpA (passenger transport) and Fiat Industrial (industrial transport).
In January 2014, after consolidating a 100% stake in American Chrysler, the board of directors of Fiat decided to create a newly unified carmaker, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, with headquarters in the Netherlands.
International award European car of the year, Fiat got the company 12 times more than any other company.
Fiat was founded in 1899 by a group of investors, among whom was Giovanni Agnelli. In 1902, Agnelli became the manager of an enterprise that became one of the world’s largest automakers. Signor Anelli was a retired officer, and in his company he established army discipline and strict order. Soon after visiting the head of FIAT enterprises Henry Ford in Turin was installed the first car assembly line in Europe. During the First World War and the first postwar years, the concern was engaged in the production of airplanes and tanks. In the 1919-1920-ies Fiat plants survived a series of serious strikes, organized by the Communists Antonio Gramsci and Palmiro Togliatti. In fact, he returned to the management of the concern Giovanni Agnelli only after Benito Mussolini came to power.
Fiat itself was a major aircraft manufacturer, specializing mainly in the production of military aircraft. After World War I, Fiat united several small Italian aircraft manufacturers (Pomilio, Ansaldo, etc.). The most well-known Fiat fighter biplanes of the 1930s are the Fiat CR.32 and Fiat CR.42. Other notable developments are the CR.20, G.50, G.55 fighters and the Fiat BR.20 bomber. In the 1950s, the company developed the Aeritalia G.91 light fighter-bomber. Subsequently, Fiat Aviazione merged with Aerfer into a new company Aeritalia.