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MPEG is a group of specialists formed by an international organization ISO for the development of standards for the compression and transmission of digital video and audio information; also has an official designation – ISO / IEC JTC1 / SC29 WG11 (ISO / IEC Joint Technical Committee 1, Subcommittee 29, Working Group 11). The first meeting of the group was held in May 1988 in Ottawa. By 2005, up to 350 people attended the meetings.
The MPEG group has standardized the following compression standards and auxiliary standards:
MPEG-1: The original standard for video and audio compression. Later used as a standard for Video CD; includes a format 2 compression audio.
MPEG-2: Transport, video and audio standards for broadcast television. Used in ATSC, DVB and ISDB digital television, digital satellite TV services such as Dish Network, digital cable television and (with minor modifications) on DVD.
MPEG-3: Originally developed for HDTV, but was rejected when it was discovered that MPEG-2 (with extensions) is enough for HDTV. (Do not confuse MPEG-3 with MP3, which is actually MPEG-1 Layer 3 standard.)
MPEG-4: Expands MPEG-1 to support video / audio “objects”, 3D content, low bitrate compression and DRM. It includes several new high-performance video standards (MPEG-2 alternatives), such as:
MPEG-4 Part 2 (ASP) and
MPEG-4 Part 10 (also known as H.264 or AVC). MPEG-4 Part 10 is used in HD DVD and Blu-ray discs.
In addition to the above, there are standards that are not an improvement on previous compression standards, but define various description languages:
MPEG-7: Multimedia Content Indexing Standard.
MPEG-21: MPEG describes the standard as a multimedia development environment.
